// Case 204 · Teoría del aprendizaje Differential identification →

Chris D’Amico (Red Mist): The boy who decided to be the supervillain

Chris D’Amico and Glaser’s differential identification: unable to be the hero, a rich kid identifies with the comic-book supervillains he has consumed and builds, costume and all, a villain identity to take his revenge.

Póster de Chris D’Amico, villano de Kick-Ass
Kick-Ass · Film
Chris D’Amico
alias Red Mist

Chris D’Amico is a rich, neglected kid who dreams of being a superhero like Kick-Ass, the young masked man who has gone viral. But he can’t pull it off: he’s clumsy, cowardly, a fraud. Then he makes a revealing decision —if he can’t be the hero, he’ll be the villain—. He puts on a costume, renames himself («Red Mist», and later something even cruder) and identifies, quite intentionally, with the comic-book supervillains he has devoured all his life. For Glaser’s differential identification, it is the most literal case: someone who chooses a fictional model and builds himself in its image.

// The theoryBuilding yourself from a catalogue of models

Glaser said we offend by identifying with figures —real or imaginary— from whose perspective the crime seems acceptable. Chris does so consciously and almost programmatically: comics have given him a catalogue of possible identities —heroes and villains— and he, after failing as a hero, deliberately picks the villain’s box. He doesn’t imitate a single loose behavior; he adopts a whole role, with its aesthetic, its name and its logic. Criminal conduct comes afterwards, as a natural consequence of the chosen identity: if I’m a supervillain, I do what supervillains do.

The film, which is a satire, makes the mechanics clear: Chris doesn’t offend out of need or out of some grand ideology, but because the villain’s role finally offers him an identity and a power that his life as an invisible rich kid never gave him. The comic didn’t make him bad; it gave him a mold into which to pour a rage and an emptiness he already had.

"As a supervillain, I can do whatever I want."Chris D’Amico
Key concept

The role precedes the behavior

Chris illustrates an important nuance of Glaser: sometimes identification doesn’t begin with wanting to do something, but with wanting to be someone. Chris doesn’t crave committing specific crimes; he craves being a villain, having that recognizable, powerful identity. The crimes come later, as the script that role demands. It’s behavior in the service of identity, not the other way around. That’s why the culture of models matters so much: it doesn’t only teach what to do, it offers who to be —and for a teenager without a self of his own, «being the cool supervillain» can feel more appealing than any legal life available—.

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// The subjectPrivilege as fuel

Unlike other files, Chris’s emptiness doesn’t come from poverty but from privilege: an absent criminal father, limitless money, no demands, no purpose. That indulged boredom is his version of the void that seeks an identity. Glaser reminds us that toxic identification isn’t only a matter of the marginalized; the spoiled, aimless son also looks for a borrowed self, and sometimes finds it in the comic-book villain who promises him the power and relevance that his comfortable life, paradoxically, doesn’t give him. Chris’s rage is that of someone who has everything but meaning.

Chris D’Amico

Red Mist · Kick-Ass
INT 55MAN 50VIO 62EMP 15
ConsentidoVengativoCosplayer
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// The crackNeither "it’s just a comic" nor fiction as the accused

Red Mist’s crack is the one Kick-Ass satirizes: the old accusation that comics and superheroes «teach violence». Glaser gives the same nuanced answer as always. No: millions read the same comics and don’t dress up to kill; the genre doesn’t manufacture villains. But it isn’t entirely neutral either: it offers very powerful identity models, and for an empty boy with no limits, «being the supervillain» can be the mold that was missing. And, as always, identifying with a villain from the panels does not excuse: Chris is responsible for what he does with his costume, however much he lives it as a role. Fiction is not the accused; it’s the mirror in which Chris chose, among many, the worst reflection.

The film’s satire is precisely that: in a world saturated with superheroes and supervillains as models, it was only a matter of time before someone decided to cosplay evil for real. Chris is not a warning about comics; he’s a warning about the voids that seek, in any catalogue, an identity to merge with.

Why it matters

Offering inhabitable heroes

Red Mist closes the theory with an optimistic moral: if the problem is that an empty young man chooses to identify with the villain, the solution isn’t to remove villains from fiction —impossible and absurd—, but to make sure there exist better, attainable models to identify with, and a self solid enough not to need to disguise itself as anyone. Kick-Ass himself is the other side: a kid just as much of a comics fan who chooses the hero’s role. Same catalogue, different choice —and the difference, once again, lies in the void that chooses—. Giving every Chris an inhabitable hero, and a purpose of his own, is better prevention than censoring the villains that so fascinate him.

«As a supervillain I can do whatever I want», Chris says, delighted with his role. His story is that of differential identification in its most pop form: a boy who, able to choose any identity from the enormous catalogue he consumed, chose to be the bad guy —because being the bad guy, at least, was being someone—.

In short

Three key takeaways

  • Chris D’Amico is the most literal differential identification (Glaser): unable to be the hero, he deliberately chooses the comic-book supervillain’s role —costume, name and logic— and criminal conduct follows the role.
  • Sometimes identification begins with wanting to BE someone, not do something: the role precedes the behavior. His emptiness is born of privilege and boredom, not poverty —toxic identification isn’t only for the marginalized—.
  • Neither "it’s just a comic" nor fiction as the accused: the genre offers models, doesn’t manufacture villains, and doesn’t excuse. Against Kick-Ass (same catalogue, hero’s role), the key is the void that chooses. Offer inhabitable heroes.

Sources · further reading

  • Glaser, D. (1956). «Criminality Theories and Behavioral Images». American Journal of Sociology, 61(5).
  • Morrison, G. (2011). Supergods. Spiegel & Grau.
  • Ferguson, C. J. (2014). «Does Media Violence Predict Societal Violence?». Journal of Communication, 65(1).

Case-file questionsFrequently asked questions

¿Quién es Chris D’Amico?

Chris D’Amico («Red Mist») es un villano de Kick-Ass, analizado en KRIMINIS con la lente de la criminología. He can’t manage to be Kick-Ass.

¿Por qué Chris D’Amico (Red Mist) se convierte en villano?

Chris D’Amico and Glaser’s differential identification: unable to be the hero, a rich kid identifies with the comic-book supervillains he has consumed and builds, costume and all, a villain identity to take his revenge.

¿Qué teoría criminológica explica a Chris D’Amico?

El caso de Chris D’Amico se analiza desde la Teoría de la identificación diferencial. Glaser’s differential identification explains how a fictional model becomes an identity. Chris D’Amico, the Red Mist of Kick-Ass, takes it into comic-book territory: a rich teenager who, unable to be a hero, identifies with the supervillains he has consumed and deliberately builds a villain persona —costume, name and all— to carry out the revenge his rage demanded.

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