In chapter 238 of JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure (Hirohiko Araki; Stardust Crusaders, the third part, published in Weekly Shōnen Jump in the fall of 1991) and in episode 42 of the anime (David Production, 2015), a very tall man kneels, fist to the floor, before a closed door at the top of a staircase in DIO’s mansion in Cairo. He has come to report that Telence T. D’Arby has been defeated. From inside, DIO asks him why he thinks a genius like D’Arby lost, and answers the question himself: the Joestars have resolve to spare, the resolve to die for their cause, and D’Arby lacked it. Then he asks the man to look at his neck, where his head is still joined to the stolen body of Jonathan Joestar, and tells him that one more person’s blood would heal the wound. Would he give his? Without hesitation, the man summons his Stand, pulls an urn into place and cuts off his own head so the blood will run into it. His name is Vanilla Ice. He is DIO’s last great servant in Stardust Crusaders and the user of Cream, a Stand that swallows itself and its master and erases from existence everything it touches. (This case file covers his whole fight, ending included.)
// The theoryKilling through someone else’s eyes
In 1947, Edwin Sutherland had established that crime is learned through direct contact with people who value it. In 1956, the sociologist Daniel Glaser corrected that idea in “Criminality Theories and Behavioral Images” (American Journal of Sociology): a person commits crime to the extent that he identifies with figures, real or imaginary, from whose perspective his criminal behavior seems acceptable. What matters is not whom one spends time with but whose eyes one looks through. Vanilla Ice needs no one to teach him how to kill, since Cream does that on its own. What he takes from DIO is the gaze. Through it, the Joestars are not enemies protecting a sick mother but people arrogant enough to want to defeat Lord DIO, an idea that, as he himself says in chapter 240, has to be corrected. Social psychology later refined Glaser’s intuition. Stanley Milgram (1974) explained harmful obedience as an agentic state, in which people see themselves as mere instruments of someone else. Reviewing his experiments, Alexander Haslam and Stephen Reicher (2012) argue the opposite: those who do harm for a leader are usually enthusiastic followers who identify with the leader’s cause, not automatons who switch off their conscience.
A borrowed gaze
To identify with someone, in Glaser’s sense, is more than to imitate them: it is to adopt their way of seeing the world and of seeing oneself. In Vanilla Ice that adoption shows three signs. The first is the subordinated self: his own life is worth an urn of blood to his master. The second is enemies seen through borrowed eyes: he does not hate the Joestars for anything they have done to him, but for what they intend to do to DIO. The third is the sacred image: when a dog forces him to destroy a sand figure with DIO’s face, his fury comes not from the attack he has suffered but from the desecration.
// The subjectThe guardian of the void
The first scene ends with a twist. DIO does not drink the blood. He says he was only testing him, opens his own wrist and pours his blood into Vanilla Ice’s neck, and Vanilla Ice comes back to life. He promises not to let DIO down and to finish off the Joestars, then leaves the room by blasting a hole in the wall with Cream; DIO remarks that he could have used the door. The second moment comes in chapters 239 and 240 (episode 42 of the anime). Avdol, Polnareff and the dog Iggy enter the mansion; Avdol sees the attack coming and shoves his two companions aside, and all that is left of him is his arms. Vanilla Ice emerges from Cream’s mouth and announces that Avdol has been erased and that they are next. The third spans chapters 241 and 242 (episode 43). With his Stand, The Fool, Iggy builds a sand DIO that comes down the stairs. Vanilla Ice steps in front of it to shield it, but sees through the trick, because DIO would never set foot in a room the sun shines into, nor interfere in his fight. He destroys the figure and, instead of erasing the dog, steps out of Cream to kick it to death.
The rest of the fight confirms what Polnareff says out loud in chapter 243: that he is a fanatic obsessed with serving DIO. After taking a thrust from Silver Chariot straight through the mouth, Vanilla Ice keeps fighting and swears he will not die before he has killed Iggy and the Joestars; dying, he says, can come after that. He erases two of Polnareff’s fingers and part of one leg, breaks his arm, and circles the room in a tightening spiral to leave him no way out. (Spoiler warning.) In chapter 244, Iggy, wrecked by the beating, spends the last of his strength holding Polnareff out of reach, and dies. Polnareff drives his sword into Vanilla Ice’s forehead and breaks his neck, but Vanilla Ice gets up again. Then Polnareff understands what Vanilla Ice himself never knew: DIO’s blood has turned him into a vampire. All it takes is to let the sunlight in and goad him into charging toward it. In chapter 245 (episode 44), the servant crumbles into dust.
Vanilla Ice
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// The crackGlaser had a model in mind, not a master
Differential identification was born to explain something more diffuse: the boy who commits crime from inside the skin of a movie gangster or an idol he has never met. DIO, by contrast, is present, gives orders and, above all, tests. The urn scene is the leader’s own staging, measuring how far his servant’s surrender will go and rewarding it. That is where Glaser’s theory falls short: it does not distinguish between identifying with someone and being shaped by someone who knows how to cultivate that identification. It also has the flaw it has always been charged with: “he identified with his model” can explain anything after the fact. The manga tells us nothing about Vanilla Ice’s past, so the theory describes how he kills, but not why he was the one kneeling before that door.
Nor does his devotion turn him into a mere instrument. He chooses to step out of Cream to kick a badly wounded dog, and he explains why himself: erasing it would be too quick. He blames Iggy for his own rage, a move criminology knows well. Explaining Vanilla Ice is not excusing him. DIO’s gaze tells him what is acceptable, but the one who decides how much harm to do, and how long to drag it out, is him.
Those who obey with enthusiasm
The popular image of the executioner is someone who follows orders without thinking. Recent research paints a different picture. Haslam and Reicher argue that people who do harm for a leader usually identify with the leader’s cause and bring their own zeal to serving it. The team of William Swann and Ángel Gómez (2009) described identity fusion: people who feel their self fused with a group say they are more willing to fight and die for it. For prevention, the difference matters. Against blind obedience, people can be taught to disobey. Against fusion, the thing to watch is what the leader offers in return: meaning, belonging and a gaze from which harming others looks just. Vanilla Ice is the caricature of that bargain.
Three key ideas
- Daniel Glaser’s differential identification (1956) holds that people commit crime to the extent that they identify with figures, real or imaginary, from whose perspective crime seems acceptable; Haslam and Reicher (2012) add that those who do harm for a leader are usually enthusiastic followers, not automatons.
- Vanilla Ice, DIO’s last great servant in Stardust Crusaders, beheads himself to offer his blood (ch. 238), erases Avdol (ch. 239-240), kicks Iggy to death for making him destroy an image of DIO (ch. 242-244) and dies in the sun, a vampire without knowing it (ch. 245).
- The crack: DIO is not a distant model but a master who tests and rewards surrender, and identification does not erase choice: Vanilla Ice decides how much harm he does and whom he blames for it.
Sources · further reading
- Glaser, D. (1956). “Criminality Theories and Behavioral Images”. American Journal of Sociology, 61(5), 433-444.
- Glaser, D. (1978). Crime in Our Changing Society. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
- Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View. Harper & Row.
- Haslam, S. A. and Reicher, S. D. (2012). “Contesting the ‘Nature’ of Conformity: What Milgram and Zimbardo’s Studies Really Show”. PLoS Biology, 10(11), e1001426.
- Swann, W. B., Gómez, Á., Seyle, D. C., Morales, J. F. and Huici, C. (2009). “Identity Fusion: The Interplay of Personal and Social Identities in Extreme Group Behavior”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(5), 995-1011.
- Araki, H. (1991). JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders, chapters 238-245. Weekly Shōnen Jump, Shueisha.
- David Production (2015). JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders, episodes 42-44.
Case-file questionsFrequently asked questions
Who is Vanilla Ice?
Vanilla Ice is a villain from JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure, analysed on KRIMINIS through the lens of criminology. No one gave him an order.
Why does Vanilla Ice become a villain?
Vanilla Ice, DIO’s last servant in Stardust Crusaders, beheads himself to offer his blood and then kills Avdol and Iggy. Glaser called it differential identification: killing through someone else’s eyes.
Which criminological theory explains Vanilla Ice?
Vanilla Ice's case is analysed through Differential identification. Daniel Glaser’s differential identification theory (1956) holds that a person commits crime to the extent that he identifies with figures, real or imaginary, from whose perspective his criminal behavior seems acceptable. Vanilla Ice, of JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders (Hirohiko Araki, 1989-1992; anime 2014-2015), is DIO’s last great servant and the user of the Stand Cream, which erases from existence everything it touches. He beheads himself to offer his blood to his master, kills Avdol, kicks Iggy to death for making him destroy an image of DIO, and dies a vampire without ever knowing he had become one.








